βλασφημοῦντες means Criticize
Eliezer Roque Cisneros / General
2 Peter 2; 2 Peter 2:9–11
The Text
This passage is about false prophets
2 Peter 2:9–18 ESV
9 then the Lord knows how to rescue the godly from trials, and to keep the unrighteous under punishment until the day of judgment, 10 and especially those who indulge in the lust of defiling passion and despise authority. Bold and willful, they do not tremble as they blaspheme the glorious ones, 11 whereas angels, though greater in might and power, do not pronounce a blasphemous judgment against them before the Lord. 12 But these, like irrational animals, creatures of instinct, born to be caught and destroyed, blaspheming about matters of which they are ignorant, will also be destroyed in their destruction, 13 suffering wrong as the wage for their wrongdoing. They count it pleasure to revel in the daytime. They are blots and blemishes, reveling in their deceptions, while they feast with you. 14 They have eyes full of adultery, insatiable for sin. They entice unsteady souls. They have hearts trained in greed. Accursed children! 15 Forsaking the right way, they have gone astray. They have followed the way of Balaam, the son of Beor, who loved gain from wrongdoing, 16 but was rebuked for his own transgression; a speechless donkey spoke with human voice and restrained the prophet’s madness. 17 These are waterless springs and mists driven by a storm. For them the gloom of utter darkness has been reserved. 18 For, speaking loud boasts of folly, they entice by sensual passions of the flesh those who are barely escaping from those who live in error.
The Paraphrase
There are going to be preachers and teachers and people who claim to understand morality who will introduce ideas into our community that hurt us. They will hurt your relationship with God and they will hurt your relationships with one another.
Some will even deny the supremacy of Jesus and the real un-measurable sacrifice he made for you and me.
God will not spare these people — even though they may be long standing members. If God did not spare Angels, If he did not spare the people of Noah’s time, and if he didn’t spare Sodom and Gomorrah…
Then god will make a distinction between those who build up and those who destroy the work God has in mind.
Peter is especially talking about people who do these three things:
1. They indulge in the lust of defiling passion.
2. They despise authority.
3. they blaspheme with little if any remorse and with little if any insight.
Peter warns that they are at potluck with you, while happily spreading misinformation and poisoning the well, glad to share what they don’t realize is blasphemy, or lust, or hatred.
These people think they are more free than you and me, but they are actually not free because they are tied to the corrupted teachings or opinions that they spread. In reality, they are worse off now, than before they ever came to know christ, because abandoning the path we started on is akin to returning to our own vomit.
Remaining Watchful for these attitudes
Indulge - πορευομένους // ὀπίσω σαρκὸς
The word we have as indulge is a being translated from a greek idiom literally meaning, “on your way following behind the flesh” or more vividly, “following what your body wants.”
Despise - καταφρονοῦντας
Blaspheme - βλασφημοῦντες
The king james renders this phrase as “speak evil” or ill of in Verse 12
Others like the ASV use the term “rail at”
I own several Lexicons/dictionaries for greek terms and this word is translated all these different ways.
Louw-Nida to revile, to defame, to blaspheme, reviling
LTW to blaspheme, revile, slander, malign, defame.
DBL Greek blaspheme
NASB Dictionaries to slander; to speak lightly; profanely of sacred things
LEH LXX Lexicon to speak outrageously, to slander; to speak impiously; irreverently of God, to blaspheme
IGEL to drop evil; profane words; speak lightly; amiss of sacred things; to utter ominous words; to speak ill; to the prejudice of; to speak slander; to have evil spoken of one; to speak impiously; irreverently of God; to blaspheme
LXGRCANLEX revile; blaspheme; slander; to blaspheme; to slander
CDWGTHB vilify; speak impiously; (speak) blaspheme (-er; -mously, -my); defame; rail on; revile; speak evil
CGEDNTRE speak against God; blaspheme; speak against; slander; insult
LALS drop evil or profane words; slander; גדף; revile; blaspheme; יכח; argue; befound to be right; rebuke, reproach, chasten, punish; decide, mediate, appoint, ; ָשׁלוּ ;say; speak, command ;אמר ;spurn; treat disrespectfully, discard ;נאץ ;assign negligence
LXGNTLEX revile; blaspheme; slander LXLXXLEX drop evil or profane words; slander
The various translations and dictionaries all hoover closely around one idea and that’s: regarding something with less importance or reliability than it’s actually worth—often out of spite.
We know this interpretation is fair because Peter is not alone in stressing this point. The apostle Jude emphasizes this same point, almost verbatim in his own letter.
We know this interpretation is fair because Peter is not alone in stressing this point. The apostle Jude emphasizes this same point, almost verbatum in his own letter.
Jude 8–10 ESV
8 Yet in like manner these people also, relying on their dreams, defile the flesh, reject authority, and blaspheme the glorious ones. 9 But when the archangel Michael, contending with the devil, was disputing about the body of Moses, he did not presume to pronounce a blasphemous judgment, but said, “The Lord rebuke you.” 10 But these people blaspheme all that they do not understand, and they are destroyed by all that they, like unreasoning animals, understand instinctively.
Who is being criticized? -cut from the sermon-
*// Some translation committees, like the NIV, felt that this interpretation of the passage was unwarranted and instead opted to make this about criticizing heavenly angels. The ESV ambiguates in this direction as well. It uses the term “glorious ones.” The word used in both of these passages, 2 Peter 2:9 and Jude 1:8, is the word Doxa, which is often translated Glory. Peter and Jude do not refer to Angels in the verse after using the word Doxa, when they speak about demons and angels they use the words normally associated with those terms. Doxa is a reference to the Apostles and Leaders of the church.
Parallel uses of the word DOXA:
Matthew 4:8 ESV
8 Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their glory.
Matthew 6:29 ESV
29 yet I tell you, even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these.
These share the same root(DOXA), but the exact use of the word translated as Glorious ones (DOXAS) in verse 9 is found only 3 times. two are in Jude 1:8 and 2 Peter 2:10, The one we haven’t looked at is in—
1 Peter 1:11 ESV
11 inquiring what person or time the Spirit of Christ in them was indicating when he predicted the sufferings of Christ and the subsequent glories.
Notice that the word Doxas here isn’t translated as a person. but if it were referring to persons, It wouldn’t refer to the celestial beings, since there were no angels or demons that came after the sufferings of christ.
My largest interpretive leap in this study is that the Glorious Ones translated from the Word Doxas is best understood as leaders and martyrs. This could use it’s own study but it’s outside the scope of the Sermon. This would recontextualize the “Subsequent Glories of Christ.” They are those who in following jesus, suffered as he did. This would have been a very elevated term or name applied to leaders and martyrs in the early church since the common believer was called a Holy one, the leaders may have been called Glorious Ones. I will do more study on this.
//*
To blaspheme is to criticize.
Beware of those who Criticize
Beware of Audaciousness
• Boldness alone is not bad, but this word is often used to mean willing to argue things that don’t need to be argued.
Matthew 22:6 ESV
6 while the rest seized his servants, treated them shamefully, and killed them.
Luke 20:40 ESV
40 For they no longer dared to ask him any question.
John 21:12 ESV
12 Jesus said to them, “Come and have breakfast.” Now none of the disciples dared ask him, “Who are you?” They knew it was the Lord.
• When criticism is done in brashness, it is blasfymontes
Beware of Stubbornness
Titus 1:7 ESV
7 For an overseer, as God’s steward, must be above reproach. He must not be arrogant or quick-tempered or a drunkard or violent or greedy for gain,
• The word willful has a sense of being proud and stubborn. The letter from the gentile apostle Titus uses it as arrogant
• the Greek Old Testament uses this word in prov 21:24 to mean haughty or someone full of themselves.
• When criticism is done without humility, it is blasfymontes
Beware of Ignorance
• when criticism is done in ignorance, it is basfymontes
Check yourself about a stubborn spirit,
Be wise in your criticisms.
Aviod those who criticize with these three attitudes
コメント